Ōmisoka (大晦日), New Year's Eve, is the second-most important day in Japanese tradition because it is the final day of the old year and the eve of New Year's Day, which is the most important day of the year.
People tend to be very busy on Ōmisoka because they have much to do to prepare for the new year, and New Year's Day in particular. Many even do a thorough house cleaning, called ōsōji (大掃除). The exercise is much like the annual spring cleaning that people in most colder climates do and even involves changing the paper on shōji doors and setting tatami mats out to air in the sun. Similarly, on the final day of school before winter break, elementary school children do their own ōsōji to get their schools ready for the new year, and most businesses spend the year's final work day cleaning. The purpose of all this is to get ready to welcome in the new year with everything—including people's minds and bodies—in a fresh, clean state, making everything ready for the new beginning that New Year's Day is held to signify.
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